In the local dialect of Hamadan, it is one of the metropolises of Iran in the western and mountainous region of Iran and the center of the province of Hamadan. This city is located at the foot of Alvand Mountain at an altitude of 1,741 meters above sea level and is one of the coldest cities in Iran.

Hamedan is the oldest city in Iran and one of the oldest cities in the world. In 2006, the Islamic Consultative Assembly declared Hamedan “Capital of Iranian History and Civilization.

Hamedan was the first capital of the first Iranian empire, the Medes. However, the oldest artifacts found at the ancient site of Hegmataneh as well as the treasure inscriptions are linked to the Achaemenid period. It was also one of the capitals of the country during the Achaemenid, Parthian, Sassanid, and al-Buwayh and Seljuk era.